For websites that use server-side templating engines (e.g., Laravel’s Blade) to render HTML documents, the approach to localization (internationalization) is as follows: For common pages like login and registration, you can use the __() function to translate text based on the lang= query parameter passed from the frontend. For other pages, the language-specific views should be placed in directories like resources/views/{language_code} (for Laravel) or public/{language_code} (where “public” refers to the web root directory).
For fully decoupled applications, such as those where the frontend is developed using MVVM frameworks like Vue.js or React.js for SPAs, and the backend is built with Laravel to provide APIs, localization methods differ. In this case, you should add language-specific subdomains at the domain level, such as cn.vuejs.org for the Chinese Vue.js site, ja.vuejs.org for the Japanese site, with the default vuejs.org serving the English version. Additionally, the database should support language-specific partitioning, where each language code has its own set of tables or databases.